Ecologically dominant species often define ecosystem states, but as human disturbances
intensify, their subordinate counterparts increasingly displace them. We consider the duality …

Abstract Fabry, VJ, Seibel, BA, Feely, RA, and Orr, JC 2008. Impacts of ocean acidification
on marine fauna and ecosystem processes.–ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 414–432 …

Ongoing greenhouse gas emissions can modify climate processes and induce shifts in
ocean temperature, pH, oxygen concentration, and productivity, which in turn could alter …

Numerous international bodies have advocated the development of strategies to achieve the
sustainability of marine environments. Typically, such strategies are based on information …

Ocean acidification has emerged over the last two decades as one of the largest threats to
marine organisms and ecosystems. However, most research efforts on ocean acidification …

Oceanic and coastal waters are acidifying due to processes dominated in the open ocean by
increasing atmospheric CO₂ and dominated in estuaries and some coastal waters by …

Ocean acidification (OA) is rapidly emerging as a significant problem for organisms,
ecosystems, and human societies. Globally, addressing OA and its impacts requires …

A substantial body of research now exists demonstrating sensitivities of marine organisms to
ocean acidification (OA) in laboratory settings. However, corresponding in situ observations …

As the level of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) continues to rise, so too does the amount
of CO2 in the ocean (,), which increases the ocean's acidity. This affects marine ecosystems …

In many coastal areas, marine ecosystems have shifted into contrasting states having
reduced ecosystem services (hereafter called degraded). Such degraded ecosystems may …