cAMP is a key regulatory molecule that controls many important processes in the retina,
including phototransduction, cell development and death, growth of neural processes …

Until recently, it has generally been believed that cyclic AMP plays an important role in
supporting circadian cycles in the vertebrate retina, but does not directly control the …

The phototransduction cascade enables the photoreceptor to detect light over a wide range
of intensities without saturation. The main second messenger of the cascade is cGMP and …

Melatonin is synthesized in retinal photoreceptor cells and acts as a neuromodulator
imparting photoperiodic information to the retina. The synthesis of melatonin is controlled by …

Abstract cAMP signaling pathways play crucial roles in photoreceptor cells and other retinal
cell types. Previous studies demonstrated a circadian rhythm of cAMP level in chick …

Abstract Circadian (24-h) clocks are cell-autonomous biological oscillators that orchestrate
many aspects of our physiology on a daily basis. Numerous circadian rhythms in …

The second messenger cyclic AMP (cAMP) operates in discrete subcellular regions within
which proteins that synthesize, break down or respond to the second messenger are …

The recently discovered exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac), a guanine
exchange factor for the G-protein RAP-1, is directly activated by cAMP independently of …

Rhythmic physiology is central to retinal function and survival and adapts vision to daily light
intensity changes. Mammalian retina rhythmically releases melatonin when cultured under …

In early studies, both cyclic AMP (cAMP) and cGMP were considered as potential secondary
messengers regulating the conductivity of the vertebrate photoreceptor plasma membrane …