The many-to-one communication nature of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) leads to an
unbalanced traffic distribution, and, accordingly, sensor nodes closer to the base station …

In this paper, the energy hole problem in wireless sensor networks is modeled, and a novel
transmission range adjustment method is proposed to solve the problem. The goal of our …

In wireless sensor networks, nodes have a low computing capacity, a small antenna and a
very limited energy source; thereby batteries are considered as a critical resource and …

In a wireless sensor network (WSN), the energy hole problem is a key factor which affects
the lifetime of the networks. In a WSN with circular multi-hop deployment (modeled as …

Wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of spatially distributed miniature size and
autonomous nodes along with batteries as a power source. The major bottleneck of WSN is …

Recent studies show the capacity of WSNs can be significantly increased when the nodes
can have variable transmission ranges. It is well known that in wireless sensor networks …

In a wireless sensor network where sensors are arranged into a flat topology, sensors near
the sink consume much more energy than sensors at the boundary of the network. Sensors …

Prolonging the network lifetime is a crucial constraint in wireless sensor networks. Since
data communication requires a more energy consumption than any other process, sensor …

Summary Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been widely considered as one of the
most important technologies with unique characteristics designed for various applications …

Since the sensor nodes near the Sink take more communication load leading to excessive
energy consumption and short its life cycle, this paper proposes a new energy hole solution …