Mass gathering events occur frequently in urban regions. Not only serious traffic jams, but
also safety risks are consequently caused. Although many evacuation strategies have been …

In urban emergency evacuation, a potentially large number of evacuees may depend either
on transit or other modes, or need to walk a long distance, to access their passenger cars. In …

When serious emergency events happen in metropolitan cities where pedestrians and
vehicles are in high-density, single modal-transport cannot meet the requirements of quick …

Modeling emergency evacuation could help reduce losses and damages from disasters. In
this paper, based on the system optimum principle, we develop a multimodal evacuation …

Modeling emergency evacuation could help reduce losses and damages from disasters. In
this paper, based on the system optimum principle, we develop a multimodal evacuation …

In most metropolitan areas, an emergency evacuation may require a potentially large
number of pedestrians to walk some distance to access their passenger cars or resort to …

In metropolitan areas, a potentially large number of pedestrians depend either on transit or
other modes for evacuation, or need to walk a distance to access their passenger cars. In the …

The cities in Mainland China and Hong Kong are densely populated. Serious natural or man-
made disasters, such as nuclear plant accident, floods, tsunami, wildfire, leakage of toxic …

Multimodal transportation hubs serve as transfer points with the function of collecting,
transferring, and distributing passengers and play a significant role in the entire multimodal …

In most metropolitan areas, an emergency evacuation may demand a potentially large
number of evacuees to use transit systems or to walk over some distance to access their …