Longitudinal ventilation is the most popular procedure for ventilating tunnels. It is relevant to
understand the interaction between ventilation velocity and tunnel fire dynamics. In this …

Critical ventilation velocity dominated research within the field of tunnel fire safety because it
is integral for designing a tunnel ventilation system. This work proposes a novel analytical …

This paper studies the maximum gas temperature rises beneath the ceiling in tunnel fires.
The fire scenarios with higher longitudinal ventilation velocities are of key concern. This …

Abstract Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation results, obtained with FDS 6.0. 1,
are presented of reduced-scale tunnel fire tests with longitudinal mechanical ventilation and …

The temperature distribution of fire-induced flow beneath the ceiling of tunnels or corridors
with longitudinal ventilation needs to be estimated in order to properly design the fire …

This paper gives an overview of the tunnel fire research, both experimental and theoretical
work with the exception of computer modelling. The overview shows that the critical velocity …

In ventilated tunnel fires, smoke and hot combustion products may form a layer near the
ceiling and flow in the direction opposite to the ventilation stream. The existence of this …

Study of smoke movement or air flow due to fire in sloping tunnels is important in designing
smoke control systems. In contrast to a horizontal tunnel, there is an acceleration along the …

In order to describe the reduction in the longitudinal airflow velocity due to the fire and hot
gases resistances in a large tunnel fire, a theoretical model, taking into consideration the …

The re-direction of smoke flow in inclined tunnel fires refers to the phenomenon that the
smoke flow direction suddenly changes due to the changes of thermal buoyancy or outside …