SARS‑CoV‑2 is the seventh member of the family of coronaviruses that can cause infections
in humans, termed as COVID‑19, which is now a global pandemic. Because it is a novel …

The new type of coronavirus (COVID-19), SARS-CoV-2 originated from Wuhan, China and
has led to a worldwide pandemic. COVID-19 is a novel emerging infectious disease caused …

The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute infectious disease caused by
infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Currently …

During the December of 2019, a series of patients with pneumonia caused by novel
coronavirus; the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) corona (COV‐2), that is, COVID …

Humans have witnessed three deadly pandemics so far in the twenty-first century which are
associated with novel coronaviruses: SARS, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and …

Many viral respiratory infections can cause severe acute respiratory symptoms leading to
mortality and morbidity. In the spring of 2003, the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) …

The last two decades have witnessed two large-scale pandemics caused by coronaviruses,
including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and the Middle East respiratory …

Introduction and motivation Since the end of 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected
millions of people worldwide. With the rapid spread of this virus, an immense burden has …

Coronaviruses are large family-RNA viruses that belong to the order Nidovirales, family
Coronaviridae, subfamily Coronavirinae. The novel COVID-19 infection, caused by a beta …

SARS-CoV-2 is a newly emerging human infectious coronavirus that causes COVID-19,
which has been recognized as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on …