In multi-hop Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), nodes closer to Base Station (BS) need to
relay traffic from other nodes of the network which makes their energy depleted very fast and …

In a wireless sensor network where sensors are arranged into a flat topology, sensors near
the sink consume much more energy than sensors at the boundary of the network. Sensors …

Energy hole is an inherent problem in wireless sensor networks, which results from heavier
traffic loads of nodes nearer to the sink, and leads to significant network lifetime reduction …

The energy hole phenomenon has been a great hinderance in efficient performance of
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In this paper, energy hole problem is addressed with …

The Energy hole problem, a common phenomenon in wireless sensor networks, significantly
decreases the lifetime of any deployed network. Some of the popular techniques to minimize …

In a wireless sensor network (WSN), the energy hole problem is a key factor which affects
the lifetime of the networks. In a WSN with circular multi-hop deployment (modeled as …

Wireless sensor networks are characterized by multihop network. Some nodes in network
are required to forward a disproportionately high amount of traffic and die early, leaving the …

Summary Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been widely considered as one of the
most important technologies with unique characteristics designed for various applications …

In this paper, the energy hole problem in wireless sensor networks is modeled, and a novel
transmission range adjustment method is proposed to solve the problem. The goal of our …

Energy hole creation is one of the most important issues in Wireless Sensor Networks
(WSNs). This paper aims to analyze the energy hole boundary for avoiding the creation of …