Power density has grown to be the dominant challenge for continued complementary metal–
oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) technology scaling. Together with recent improvements in …

The need for more energy-efficient solid-state switches beyond complementary metal-oxide-
semiconductor (CMOS) transistors has become a major concern as the power consumption …

Micro-electro-mechanical (MEM) relays recently have been proposed for ultra-low-power
digital logic applications because their ideal switching behavior can potentially allow the …

Power density has grown to be the dominant challenge for continued IC technology scaling.
This has led to renewed interest in mechanical computing for ultra-low-power applications …

The energy efficiency of a CMOS digital logic circuit is fundamentally limited by the nonideal
switching behavior of transistors, specifically their nonzero off-state current and finite …

This work presents measured results from test chips containing circuits implemented with
micro-electro-mechanical (MEM) relays. The relay circuits designed on these test chips …

Microelectromechanical relays have recently been proposed for ultra-low-power digital logic
because their nearly ideal switching behavior can potentially enable reductions in supply …

This paper shows that due to their negligibly low leakage, in certain applications, chips
utilizing power gates built even with today's relatively large, high-voltage micro-electro …

This paper presents techniques for designing nanoelectromechanical relay-based logic
circuits using six-terminal relays that behave as universal logic gates. With proper biasing, a …

There has been significant recent interest in applying microelectromechanical (MEMS)
technology to miniaturization of relays for a variety of applications in the …