Males enjoy physical performance advantages over females within competitive sport. The
sex-based segregation into male and female sporting categories does not account for …

Context As many sports are divided in male/female categories, governing bodies have
formed regulations on the eligibility for transgender individuals to compete in these …

Background Whether transgender people should be able to compete in sport in accordance
with their gender identity is a widely contested question within the literature and among sport …

Objectives We systemically reviewed the literature to assess how long-term testosterone
suppressing gender-affirming hormone therapy influenced lean body mass (LBM), muscular …

Objective To examine the effect of gender affirming hormones on athletic performance
among transwomen and transmen. Methods We reviewed fitness test results and medical …

Sport is historically designated by the binary categorization of male and female that conflicts
with modern society. Sport's governing bodies should consider reviewing rules determining …

This chapter argues that the challenges to sport that transgendered athletes' participation at
the elite level creates predominantly relate to, and are confused with, anti-doping issues …

Men generally have an inherent performance advantage over women due to their average
greater height and muscle mass and power, as the result of correspondingly different …

The inclusion of elite transwomen athletes in sport is controversial. The recent International
Olympic Committee (IOC)(2015) guidelines allow transwomen to compete in the women's …

This paper considers whether transgender (trans*) women should be permitted to compete
in female categories in sports. Trans* women are often criticized for competing in female …