Enhancing strength-ductility synergy of materials has always been a hot but difficult topic in
material science, for most structural materials, steels in particular, it is inevitable to sacrifice …

The tensile and impact properties and strengthening–toughening mechanisms of gradient-
structured low-alloying steel were investigated, where the grain size and density of retained …

Residual stress exists extensively in biological and engineering structures. Here we report
that residual stress can be engineered to significantly enhance the strength and ductility of …

Subjected to an impact loading, metallic alloys usually display strain softening due to the
highly localized shear deformation accompanied by temperature rise, which causes the …

We report that a gradient structured Zr processed by asymmetric rolling and partial
annealing possesses an exceptional synergy of high strength (σ y∼ 550 MPa) and high …

Gradient structured (GS) metals can simultaneously achieve high strength and high ductility,
which is the pursuit of structural materials. Abundant studies have pointed out that significant …

This chapter reports the discovery of a hitherto unknown strain hardening mechanism, which
is intrinsic to the gradient structure in an engineering material. The gradient structure shows …

Low ductility has long been the bottleneck especially at high strength in metallic structured
materials due to conventional forest hardening having little to no effect. Hetero-structuring is …

The gradient structured (GS) samples studied here consists of gradient layer (s) with grain
size gradient and a coarse-grained (CG) layer. Gradient materials have been found to have …

This issue of the MRS Bulletin provides an up-to-date look at ongoing research activities
within the field of functionally gradient materials (FGM). The term FGM, now widely used by …