Predictions of future climate are based on elaborate numerical computer models. As
computational capacity increases and better observations become available, one would …

This chapter assesses the capacity of the global climate models used elsewhere in this
report for projecting future climate change. Confidence in model estimates of future climate …

Quantitative projections of future climate are in increasing demand from the scientific
community, policymakers and other stakeholders. Climate models of varying complexity are …

Over the last 20 years, climate models have been developed to an impressive level of
complexity. They are core tools in the study of the interactions of many climatic processes …

This paper presents and analyses a statistical framework for combining projections of future
climate from different climate simulators. The framework recognizes explicitly that all …

The use of climate simulations in scientific assessments of climate change and in the
formulation of climate change scenarios has been contested for, among others …

Climate modelling is now a mature discipline approaching its fortieth birthday. The need for
valid climate forecasts has been underlined by the recognition that human activities are now …

The usefulness of a climate-model simulation cannot be inferred solely from its degree of
agreement with observations. Instead, one has to consider additional factors such as …

How much can we trust model-based projections of future anthropogenic climate change?
This review attempts to give an overview of this important but difficult topic by using three …

Predictions of future climate are of central importance in determining actions to adapt to the
impacts of climate change and in formulating targets to reduce emissions of greenhouse …