The collapse of economic activity in 2020 from COVID-19 has been immense. An important
question is how much of that collapse resulted from government-imposed restrictions versus …

We study how the differential timing of local lockdowns due to COVID-19 causally affects
households' spending and macroeconomic expectations at the local level using several …

Are lockdown policies effective at inducing physical distancing to counter the spread of
COVID-19? Can less restrictive measures that rely on voluntary community action achieve a …

This paper examines the determinants of social distancing during the shutdown phase of the
COVID-19 epidemic. We classify state and local government actions, and we study multiple …

We examine the period of national lockdown beginning in March 2020 using an integrated
epidemiological-econometric framework in which health and economic outcomes are jointly …

One of the most common policy prescriptions to reduce the spread of COVID-19 has been to
legally enforce social distancing through shelter-in-place orders (SIPOs). This study …

Social distancing restrictions and demand shifts from COVID-19 shuttered many small
businesses and entrepreneurs in the first month of widespread shelter-in-place restrictions …

We examine the role of state and local policies to encourage social distancing, including
stay at home orders, public school closures, and restrictions on restaurants, entertainment …

Objectives The paper highlights US health policy and technology responses to the COVID-
19 pandemic from January 1, 2020–August 9, 2020. Methods A review of primary data …

Social‐distancing restrictions and health‐and economic‐driven demand shifts from COVID‐
19 are expected to shutter many small businesses and entrepreneurial ventures, but there is …