Although heart failure (HF) remains a fundamentally clinical diagnosis, substantial advances
in the understanding of the underlying biology and pathophysiology of this syndrome has …

Heart failure (HF) is a complex syndrome with an enormous societal burden in terms of cost,
morbidity, and mortality. Natriuretic peptide testing is now widely used to support diagnosis …

The recent explosion of scientific knowledge and technological progress has led to the
discovery of a large array of circulating molecules commonly referred to as biomarkers …

BACKGROUND Heart failure (HF) is a complex syndrome with an enormous societal burden
in terms of cost and morbidity and mortality. Natriuretic peptide (NP) testing is now widely …

Heart failure (HF) represents a significant global health challenge, characterized by high
morbidity and mortality rates, and imposes considerable burdens on healthcare systems and …

Although substantial improvements have been made in majority of cardiac disorders, heart
failure (HF) remains a major health problem, with both increasing incidence and prevalence …

Despite the enhanced knowledge of the pathophysiology of heart failure (HF), it still remains
a serious syndrome with substantial morbidity, mortality, and frequent hospitalizations …

It is estimated that in excess of 20,000 proteincoding genes are responsible for the presence
of more than 1 million proteins found in biological matrices. 1 The measurement of these …

BACKGROUND Until recently, biomarker testing in heart failure (HF) syndromes has been
viewed as an elective supplement to diagnostic evaluation of patients suspected to suffer …

Although natriuretic peptides are well-established biomarkers in heart failure, the weight of
evidence for soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 and high-sensitivity troponin has …