Unusual oligomerization required for activity of NtrC, a bacterial enhancer-binding protein

C Wyman, I Rombel, AK North, C Bustamante, S Kustu - Science, 1997 - science.org
Nitrogen regulatory protein C (NtrC) contacts a bacterial RNA polymerase from distant
enhancers by means of DNA loops and activates transcription by allowing polymerase to …

The major dimerization determinants of the nitrogen regulatory protein NTRC from enteric bacteria lie in its carboxy-terminal domain

KE Klose, AK North, KM Stedman, S Kustu - Journal of molecular biology, 1994 - Elsevier
The NTRC protein (nitrogen regulatory protein C) of enteric bacteria is an enhancer-binding
protein that activates transcription by the σ 54-holoenzyme form of RNA polymerase. NTRC …

Mechanism of transcriptional activation by NtrC

SC Porter, AK North, S Kustu - Two‐Component Signal …, 1995 - Wiley Online Library
In the case of nitrogen regulatory protein C (NtrC), both nucleotide hydrolysis and
transcriptional activation depend on phosphorylation of an aspartate residue in the N …

Oligomerization of NTRC at the glnA enhancer is required for transcriptional activation.

SC Porter, AK North, AB Wedel… - Genes & …, 1993 - genesdev.cshlp.org
To activate transcription of the glnA gene, the dimeric NTRC protein (nitrogen regulatory
protein C) of enteric bacteria binds to an enhancer located approximately 100 bp upstream …

A bacterial enhancer functions to tether a transcriptional activator near a promoter

A Wedel, DS Weiss, D Popham, P Dröge, S Kustu - Science, 1990 - science.org
The nitrogen regulatory protein NtrC of enteric bacteria activates transcription of the glnA
gene by catalyzing isomerization of closed complexes between RNA polymerase and the …

Repressor forms of the enhancer-binding protein NtrC: some fail in coupling ATP hydrolysis to open complex formation by σ54-holoenzyme

AK North, DS Weiss, H Suzuki, Y Flashner… - Journal of molecular …, 1996 - Elsevier
NtrC (nitrogen regulatory protein C) is a bacterial enhancer-binding protein that activates
transcription by catalyzing isomerization of closed complexes between σ54-holoenzyme and …

The prokaryotic enhancer binding protein NTRC has an ATPase activity which is phosphorylation and DNA dependent.

S Austin, R Dixon - The EMBO journal, 1992 - embopress.org
The prokaryotic activator protein NTRC binds to enhancer‐like elements and activates
transcription in response to nitrogen limitation by catalysing open complex formation by …

Constitutive forms of the enhancer-binding protein NtrC: evidence that essential oligomerization determinants lie in the central activation domain

Y Flashner, DS Weiss, J Keener, S Kustu - Journal of molecular biology, 1995 - Elsevier
Nitrogen regulatory protein C (NtrC) is a bacterial enhancer-binding protein that activates
transcription by the σ54-holoenzyme. To activate transcription, NtrC must hydrolyze ATP, a …

[PDF][PDF] Prokaryotic enhancer-binding proteins reflect eukaryote-like modularity: the puzzle of nitrogen regulatory protein C

AK North, KE Klose, KM Stedman… - Journal of bacteriology, 1993 - Am Soc Microbiol
Eukaryotic enhancer-binding proteins are often modular in design in that they are composed
of physically separable domains that can function independently of one another (18, 46, 55) …

The phosphorylated form of the enhancer-binding protein NTRC has an ATPase activity that is essential for activation of transcription

DS Weiss, J Batut, KE Klose, J Keener, S Kustu - Cell, 1991 - cell.com
The NTRC protein of enteric bacteria is an enhancerbinding protein that activates
transcription in response to limitation of combined nitrogen. NTRC activates transcription by …