For some patients with SARS-CoV-2, the worst clinical damage is not caused by the virus
itself, but by an overactive inflammatory state. In fact, in some people the immune system …

The recently public health crises in the world is emerged by spreading the severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) also named COVID-19. The virus is …

Introduction The cytokine release syndrome (CRS) of COVID-19 is associated with the
development of critical illness requiring multi-organ support. Further research is required to …

Balanced immune regulation is crucial for recognizing an invading pathogen, its killing, and
elimination. Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) are the key regulators of the innate immune system. It …

The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV2 is a threat to the health and well-being of millions of lifes
across the globe. A significant proportion of adult patients require hospitalisation and may …

Abstract The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the virus severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has created an unprecedented …

Background Despite the streaks of severity, severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-
2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is, in general, less frequent and severe in children than in adults …

Objectives Respiratory and intestinal tract are two primary target organs of SARS-CoV-2
infection. However, detailed characterization of the host-virus interplay in infected human …

The outbreak of the novel SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2)
responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has developed into an …

Exposure to air pollutants has been previously associated with respiratory viral infections,
including influenza, measles, mumps, rhinovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus …