People think about their thoughts and decisions a lot, such as when they judge how well
they are performing a task or evaluate the quality of their decision processes and products …

More than one type of probability must be considered when making decisions. It is as
necessary to know one's chance of performing choices correctly as it is to know the chances …

In a wide variety of cognitive tasks, people's expectations of what their own performance is,
was, and will be are an overestimate of reality. After documenting a number of situations in …

The aim of the present study was to determine (a) the relationship between metacognition
and decision making;(b) the aspect of metacognition (knowledge of cognition or regulation …

Researchers have begun to evaluate animals' metacognitive capacities. Continuing this
evaluation, the present authors asked whether monkeys could use the analog of a …

In this chapter we begin by examining the processes underlying metacognitive judgments,
contrasting the two major approaches to the study of metacognition—the developmental and …

Human metacognition, or the capacity to introspect on one's own mental states, has been
mostly characterized through confidence reports in visual tasks. A pressing question is to …

Dual-process theories have been very influential in social psychology and cognitive
psychology. These theories postulate a distinction between two modes of thought that …

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In self-paced learning, when the regulation of effort is goal driven (eg, allocated to different
items according to their relative importance), judgments of learning (JOLs) increase with …