Midbrain dopamine systems play important roles in Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia,
addiction, and depression. The participation of midbrain dopamine systems in diverse …

The ventral tegmental area (VTA) has a central role in the neural processes that underlie
motivation and behavioral reinforcement. Although thought to contain only dopamine and …

Dopamine and GABA neurons in the ventral tegmental area project to the nucleus
accumbens and prefrontal cortex and modulate locomotor and reward behaviors as well as …

The ventral tegmental area (VTA) comprises dopamine (DA), γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)
and glutamate (Glu) neurons. Some rat VTA Glu neurons, expressing vesicular glutamate …

The “One neuron-one neurotransmitter” concept has been challenged frequently during the
last three decades, and the coexistence of neurotransmitters in individual neurons is now …

The rodent ventral tegmental area (VTA) and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNC) contain
dopamine neurons intermixed with glutamate neurons (expressing vesicular glutamate …

Dopamine neurons have been suggested to use glutamate as a cotransmitter. To identify the
basis of such a phenotype, we have examined the expression of the three recently identified …

The mesocorticolimbic dopamine (DA) system plays important roles in reward, motivation,
learning, memory, and movement. This system arises from the A10 region, comprising the …

The ventral tegmental area (VTA) is thought to play an important role in reward function. Two
populations of neurons, containing either dopamine (DA) or γ‐amino butyric acid (GABA) …

Abstract Vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUT1,‐2, and‐3) mediate the accumulation of
transmitter glutamate into synaptic vesicles in glutamatergic neurons. VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 …