Existing research on control-transitions from automated driving (AD) to manual driving
mainly stems from studies in virtual settings. There is a need for studies conducted in real …

Previous research has shown that drivers are generally able to deactivate the automation in
an automated vehicle after a Take-Over Request (TOR) in a relatively short time frame of …

In conditionally automated driving, drivers do not have to monitor the road, whereas in
partially automated driving, drivers have to monitor the road permanently. We evaluated a …

In SAE Level 3 automated driving, taking over control from automation raises significant
safety concerns because drivers out of the vehicle control loop have difficulty negotiating …

The aim of this study was to understand driver responses to “silent” failures in automated
driving, where automation failed during a simulator drive, without a take-over warning. The …

This study investigated the influences of takeover request (TOR) modalities on a drivers'
takeover performance after they engaged in non-driving related (NDR) tasks in highly …

In conditionally automated driving, drivers have difficulty taking over control when requested.
To address this challenge, we aimed to predict drivers' takeover performance before the …

Conditionally automated driving (CAD) relieves the driver from monitoring current traffic
conditions. This type of driving inherently enables the driver to execute different non-driving …

Objective Investigating take-over, driving, non-driving related task (NDRT) performance, and
trust of conditionally automated vehicles (AVs) in critical transitions on a test track …

The loss of situation awareness (SA) caused by the out-of-the-loop phenomenon is a major
problem for successful take-overs after highly automated driving. Despite recent advances in …