A major fire disaster is hazardous to both occupants trapped in the built environment and
firefighters during the firefighting operation. Though various construction codes …

While occupants are evacuating from the fire scene, firefighters are entering life-threatening
environments, exposed to hot and toxic fire smoke and risks of structural failures or …

Mountains are popular tourist destinations due to their climate, fresh atmosphere,
breathtaking sceneries, and varied topography. However, they are at times exposed to …

The purpose of this pilot research is to conduct a virtual-reality-(VR)-based feasibility study
of evacuation time compared to traditional calculation method for evacuation planning in …

Industrial automation technologies are envisioned as multi-device systems that are
constantly interacting with one another and with enterprise systems. In these industrial …

The scale of human accidents and the resultant damage has increased due to recent large-
scale urban (building) fires, meaning there is a need to devise an effective strategy for urban …

This paper develops a systematic hybrid approach that integrates Available Safe Egress
Time (ASET), Required Safe Egress Time (RSET), numerical simulation, and Multi-Attribute …

After over 30 years of fast economic development and massive construction of
infrastructures, China now owns the largest total length of tunnels in the world. However …

During fire emergencies, people in large infrastructures are difficult to comprehend real-time
fire dynamics and identify available evacuation routes, leading to lengthy evacuation time …

Fire, as one of the world's biggest calamities, must be identified at the right moment before it
can do significant damage to the atmosphere and living beings. According to a study, 75-80 …