Question/aim: Lack of vessels indicates an insufficient nutritional supply of a bone graft and
may limit the recruitment of bone-forming cells. Our aim was to evaluate the influence of …

Early vascularization of a composite in a critical bone defect is a prerequisite for ingrowth of
osteogenic reparative cells to regenerate bone, since lack of vessels does not ensure a …

Aim: The size of a bone defect limits the ingrowth of bone-forming cells. Endothelial cell–like
differentiated precursor cells (endothelial progenitor cells, EPC) enhance the …

Background Bone formation relies on sufficient blood supply and osteoprogenitor cells.
Purpose The study aims to evaluate the influence of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in …

Question/Aim: Cell-based therapy by cultivated stem cells (mesenchymal stem cells [MSC]
and endothelial progenitor cells [EPC]) in a large-sized bone defect has already shown …

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of local endothelial progenitor cell
(EPC) therapy on bone regeneration in a rat model. A segmental bone defect (5 mm) was …

In vitro prevascularization of bone grafts with endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) is a
promising strategy to improveimplant survival. In this study we show bone formation in …

For successful tissue engineering, neovascularization of the implanted tissue is critical.
Factors generated by endothelial cells are also considered crucial for the process of …

For tissue engineering applications, effective bone regeneration requires rapid neo‐
vascularization of implanted grafts to ensure the survival of cells in the early post …

Angiogenesis is a limiting factor in regenerating large bone defects. The objective of this
study was to investigate angiogenic and osteogenic effects of co‐culture on calcium …