Negative BOLD fMRI response in the visual cortex carries precise stimulus-specific information

D Bressler, N Spotswood, D Whitney - PLoS One, 2007 - journals.plos.org
Sustained positive BOLD (blood oxygen level-dependent) activity is employed extensively in
functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies as evidence for task or stimulus …

Sustained negative BOLD, blood flow and oxygen consumption response and its coupling to the positive response in the human brain

A Shmuel, E Yacoub, J Pfeuffer, PF Van de Moortele… - Neuron, 2002 - cell.com
Most fMRI studies are based on the detection of a positive BOLD response (PBR). Here, we
demonstrate and characterize a robust sustained negative BOLD response (NBR) in the …

Early suppressive mechanisms and the negative blood oxygenation level-dependent response in human visual cortex

AR Wade, J Rowland - Journal of Neuroscience, 2010 - Soc Neuroscience
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of early sensory cortex often
measure stimulus-driven increases in the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) …

A BOLD search for baseline

RG Shulman, DL Rothman, F Hyder - Neuroimage, 2007 - Elsevier
While we occasionally observe negative BOLD signals, its physiological basis has remained
uncertain. This is in part due to the qualitative use of fMRI where the baseline is conveniently …

Origin of negative blood oxygenation level—dependent fMRI signals

N Harel, SP Lee, T Nagaoka… - Journal of cerebral …, 2002 - journals.sagepub.com
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques are based on the assumption
that changes in spike activity are accompanied by modulation in the blood oxygenation level …

Metabolite concentration changes associated with positive and negative BOLD responses in the human visual cortex: A functional MRS study at 7 Tesla

Y Boillat, L Xin, W Van der Zwaag… - Journal of Cerebral …, 2020 - journals.sagepub.com
Negative blood oxygenation–level dependent (BOLD) signal observed during task
execution in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can be caused by different …

Behavioral correlates of negative BOLD signal changes in the primary somatosensory cortex

A Kastrup, J Baudewig, S Schnaudigel, R Huonker… - Neuroimage, 2008 - Elsevier
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) hypothesis testing based on the blood
oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) contrast mechanism typically involves a search for a …

Analysis of oxygen metabolism implies a neural origin for the negative BOLD response in human visual cortex

BN Pasley, BA Inglis, RD Freeman - Neuroimage, 2007 - Elsevier
The sustained negative blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) response in functional
MRI is observed universally, but its interpretation is controversial. The origin of the negative …

Negative BOLD-fMRI signals in large cerebral veins

M Bianciardi, M Fukunaga… - Journal of Cerebral …, 2011 - journals.sagepub.com
Reductions in blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD)-functional magnetic resonance
imaging (fMRI) signals below baseline levels have been observed under several conditions …

BOLD responses in human primary visual cortex are insensitive to substantial changes in neural activity

JB Swettenham, SD Muthukumaraswamy… - Frontiers in human …, 2013 - frontiersin.org
The relationship between blood oxygenation level dependent-functional magnetic
resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) metrics were …