In the last 5 years, there has been a remarkable change in our understanding of the health
benefits of vitamin D. The classical actions of vitamin D as a determinant of mineral …

Abstract Knowledge about the ability of vitamin D to function outside its established role in
skeletal homeostasis is not a new phenomenon. Nonclassical immunomodulatory and …

Immunomodulatory actions of vitamin D have been recognised for over a quarter of a
century, but it is only in the last few years that the significance of this to normal human …

Prominent amongst the non-classical effects of vitamin D is its interaction with the immune
system. Although this has been recognized for many years, it is only through recent studies …

Vitamin D has been attributed roles in the pathogenesis and prevention of several diseases
such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, multiple sclerosis, diabetes, autism and …

The classical functions of vitamin D are to regulate calcium-phosphorus homeostasis and
control bone metabolism. However, vitamin D deficiency has been reported in several …

In recent years, vitamin D has been received increased attention due to the resurgence of
vitamin D deficiency and rickets in developed countries and the identification of extraskeletal …

Vitamin D is a steroid hormone that is acquired via diet or synthesized in the skin upon UV
exposure and needs subsequent hydroxylation steps to become activated as 1, 25 …

Our perception of the vitamin D system continues to evolve. Recent studies have re-
evaluated the parameters for adequate vitamin D status in humans, revealing a high …

It is now clear that vitamin D has important roles in addition to its classic effects on calcium
and bone homeostasis. As the vitamin D receptor is expressed on immune cells (B cells, T …