Despite some recent criticisms, the conventional radial distance function, which treats
undesirable by-products as either frontier shifters or inputs, remains a popular go-to …

We argue analytically that many commonly used models of pollution-generating
technologies, which treat pollution as a freely disposable input or as a weakly disposable …

We study the link between two recent approaches to modeling emission-generating
technologies: the by-production approach and the axiomatic approach. The by-production …

The ability to quantify tradeoffs involved in the process of reducing harmful emissions is
essential to successful policy-making in the environmental planning area. The approach by …

Better understanding the trade-offs/synergies between desirable and environmentally
harmful (undesirable) farm outputs is relevant for future targeting and tailoring of agri …

This paper models the firm's production process as a system of simultaneous technologies
for desirable and undesirable outputs. Desirable outputs are produced by transforming …

We consider different models that assess eco-efficiency in the perspective of production
frontier estimation. These models span from the ones that consider bad outputs as inputs, or …

Purpose–Traditionally, economic production models consider pollution as bads that may be
modeled as either outputs or inputs in economic models. The purpose of this paper is to …

Using a panel of observations from the US electric utility industry, we analyze the output set
frontiers that are produced by modeling the technology with different functional forms. Our …

The conventional convexity assumptions frequently placed on piecewise linear frontiers of
production technologies modeled using data envelopment analysis imply non-increasing …