Nocturnal animals are said to sacrifice colour vision in favour of increased absolute
sensitivity. This is true for most vertebrates that possess a dual retina with a single type of …

Understanding how animals achieve simultaneous conspicuousness to intended receivers
and crypsis to unintended receivers requires investigating the distribution, size, and spectral …

ERG S (λ) were determined in darkadapted intact preparations of 6 North American firefly
species (Photinus collustrans, marginellus, pyralis, macdermotti, scintillans and …

Light sensing by tissues distinct from the eye occurs in diverse animal groups, enabling
circadian control and phototactic behaviour. Extraocular photoreceptors may also facilitate …

Although variation in the color of light in terrestrial diurnal and twilight environments has
been well documented, relatively little work has examined the color of light in nocturnal …

Tetrachromatic colour vision, based on four 'main'colours and their combinations, is
probably the original colour vision in terrestrial vertebrates. In addition to human visible …

Insects active in dim light, such as moths and many beetles, normally have superposition
compound eyes to increase photon capture. But there are nocturnal and crepuscular insects …

Hymenopterans have long been shown to choose colours by means of the spectral
distribution and independently of the intensity (true colour vision). The same ability has only …

We have recently shown that the Japanese yellow swallowtail butterfly Papilio xuthus uses
colour vision when searching for food. In the field, these butterflies feed on nectar provided …

Nectar-feeding animals can use vision and olfaction to find rewarding flowers and different
species may give different weight to the two sensory modalities. We have studied how a …