Ultraviolet is an important component of the photic environment. It is used by a wide variety
of animals and plants in mutualistic communication, especially in insect and flower inter …

The visual world offers a variety of information that enables animals to orient themselves to
their surroundings. One specific feature of the visual information is the wavelength difference …

Colors often appear to differ in arbitrary ways among related species. However, a fraction of
color diversity may be explained because some signals are more easily perceived in one …

The presence and proportions of photopigments, which are responsible for the visual and
physiological effects of light, vary between taxonomic groups. This leads to differing …

The monarch butterfly, Danaus plexippus, is well known for its intimate association with
milkweed plants and its incredible multi-generational trans-continental migrations. However …

Animal coloration is one of the most conspicuous aspects of human-perceived organismal
diversity, yet also one of the least understood. In particular, explaining why species have …

True colour vision, in contrast to wavelength-specific behaviour, is defined as the ability to
discriminate colours based on the spectral composition of the stimuli, regardless of their …

In spontaneous-choice experiments on the butterfly Pieris brassicae L.(Pieridae), spectral-
effectiveness and spectral-sensitivity functions were obtained for various behaviors. Pilot …

The striking diversity in insect colouration, colour pattern and visual appearance (shape,
size, texture or movement) has evolved in response to the needs of communication, both …

Male glow-worms Lampyris noctiluca find their bioluminescent mates at night by phototaxis.
There is good evidence that location of mates by lampyrid beetles is achieved by a single …