THE Wright brothers built a low-speed wind tunnel to simulate the flow over their airplane
and made history in 1903 by making a manned flight last 59 s. Chuck Yeager broke the …

ON THE entry phase of its first flight, designated Space Transportation System (STS)-l, the
hypersonic pitchingmoment characteristics exhibited by the Shuttle Orbiter were significantly …

SPACECRAFT radiation is primarily caused by the interaction of spacecraft surfaces with the
rarefi ed atmosphere in low Earth orbit. Detailed information on the physical and chemical …

Abstract The Satellite for Orbital Aerodynamics Research (SOAR) is a 3U CubeSat mission
that aims to investigate the gas–surface interactions (GSIs) of different materials in the very …

The relationship between gas-surface scattering dynamics and flow through conical systems
in the rarefied regime has been explored with experimental and computational tools …

Momentum accommodation was determined experimentally for gas-surface interactions
simulating in a practical way those of near-earth satellites. Throughout the ranges of gas …

TWO important goals for NASA's future Mars exploration programs are to perform a robotic
sample return mission and to enable human exploration missions. Both goals require the …

The Stardust sample return capsule entered the Earth's atmosphere at a very energetic
velocity of 12: 6 km= s. In the present study, both continuum (computational fluid dynamics) …

Abstract The Two-Stage-To-Orbit (TSTO) hypersonic vehicle is an example of a Reusable
Launch Vehicle (RLVs) configuration, and it has the advantages of small mass and large …

Effects of incomplete surface accommodation in rarefied gas flow have been studied by
using the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method in conjunction with the Cercignani …