Patients with COVID-19 who require ICU admission might have the cytokine storm. It is a
state of out-of-control release of a variety of inflammatory cytokines. The molecular …

Background Coronavirus induced disease 2019 (COVID-19) can be complicated by severe
organ damage leading to dysfunction of the lungs and other organs. The processes that …

There is an urgent need for new therapeutic strategies to contain the spread of the novel
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to curtail its most severe complications. Severely …

Cell death mechanisms are crucial to maintain an appropriate environment for the
functionality of healthy cells. However, during viral infections, dysregulation of these …

Abstract The Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) imposed public health emergency and
affected millions of people around the globe. As of January 2021, 100 million confirmed …

Abstract Aim Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel highly contagious infection
caused by SARS-CoV-2, which has been became a global public health challenge. The …

Severe COVID-19 is characterized by extensive pulmonary complications, to which host
immune responses are believed to play a role. As the major arm of innate immunity …

To date, no vaccines or effective drugs have been approved to prevent or treat COVID-19
and the current standard care relies on supportive treatments. Therefore, based on the fast …

The rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute
respiratory syndrome–coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in an unprecedented …

Abstract The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic has become a global crisis.
In the immunopathogenesis of COVID‐19, SARS‐CoV‐2 infection induces an excessive …