COVID-19 is spreading and ravaging all over the world, and the number of deaths is
increasing day by day without downward trend. However, there is limited knowledge of …

Immune dysregulation is a key feature of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19).
However, disparities in responses across ethnic groups are underappreciated. This study …

The whole world is locked down due to the outbreak of novel Coronavirus Disease 2019
(nCOVID-19). A novel virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV …

In December 2019, a novel coronavirus that is related to severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in …

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) broke out and then became a global epidemic at the
end of 2019. With the increasing number of deaths, early identification of disease severity …

Cytokines play pleiotropic, antagonistic, and collaborative in viral disease. The high
morbidity and mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) make it a significant threat …

Introduction In coronavirus disease (COVID-19), inflammation takes center stage, with a
cascade of cytokines released, contributing to both inflammation and lung damage. The …

Abnormal inflammatory mediator concentrations during SARS-CoV-2 infection may
represent disease severity. We aimed to assess plasma inflammatory mediator …

Aim The aim of the present study was to assess differences in the serum levels of
chemokines and growth factors (GFs) between COVID-19 patients and healthy controls. The …

(1) Background/Aim: People infected with SARS-CoV-2 may develop COVID-19 in a wide
range of clinical severity. Pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by several grades of chronic …