Cytokine storm is a phenomenon characterized by strong elevated circulating cytokines that
most often occur after an overreactive immune system is activated by an acute systemic …

The cytokine storm has captured the attention of the public and the scientific community
alike, and while the general notion of an excessive or uncontrolled release of …

The term Bcytokine storm^ has been adopted in the past several decades as a phrase to
describe the aberrant production of soluble mediators and the accompanying …

Cytokine storm syndrome (CSS) has generally been described as a collection of clinical
manifestations resulting from an overactivated immune system. Cytokine storms (CSs) are …

Immune cells secrete small protein molecules that aim for cell–cell communications. These
small molecules are called cytokines. Targeting cancer cells with administration of bispecific …

Inflammation is the body's first line of defense against infection or injury, responding to
challenges by activating innate and adaptive responses. Microbes have evolved a diverse …

The increasing insight into pathomechanisms of dysregulated host response in several
inflammatory diseases led to the implementation of the term “cytokine storm” in the literature …

Infectious diseases are a leading cause of death worldwide. Sepsis is a severe clinical
syndrome related to the host response to infection. The severity of infections is due to an …

The human innate and adaptive immune systems consist of effector cells producing
cytokines (interleukins, interferons, chemokines, and numerous other mediators). Usually, a …

Abstract Interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays a crucial role in host defense against infection and tissue
injuries and is a bioindicator of multiple distinct types of cytokine storms. In this review, we …