Objective—Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), associated with congenital heart disease
(CHD), usually results from a systemic-to-pulmonary shunt. Eisenmenger syndrome (ES) is …

Introduction: Eisenmenger syndrome (ES) is the most advanced form of pulmonary arterial
hypertension (PAH) in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). It is characterised by a …

Eisenmenger syndrome (ES) is the most severe form of pulmonary arterial hypertension
(PAH) related to congenital heart disease (CHD). It results from a cardiac defect allowing …

A large proportion of patients with congenital heart disease (CHD), in particular those with
relevant systemic-to-pulmonary shunts, will develop pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) …

In 1897, Dr Victor Eisenmenger described a 32-year-old man with a history of cyanosis and
progressive exertional breathlessness since childhood. The patient developed heart failure …

Eisenmenger syndrome (ES) represents the most severe phenotype of pulmonary arterial
hypertension (PAH) associated with congenital heart disease (CHD) and occurs in patients …

Aims Eisenmenger syndrome (ES) is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality.
Therapeutic strategies have changed during the 2000s in conjunction with an emphasis on …

Background Patients with Eisenmenger syndrome (ES) carry a better prognosis from
diagnosis than patients with other causes of pulmonary hypertension (PH), but their life span …

Pulmonary arterial hypertension frequently arises in patients with congenital heart disease.
The vast majority present with congenital cardiac shunts. Initially these may manifest as left …

Objective Eisenmenger syndrome (ES) is a severe form of pulmonary hypertension in adults
with congenital heart disease (CHD) and has a poor prognosis. We aimed to understand …