As compared with single-stage thermoelectric coolers (TECs), two-stage TECs can achieve
a larger temperature drop when TECs operate at steady state conditions. In this work, pulse …

In this work, an experimental study was conducted to evaluate the cooling performance of
two-stage thermoelectric coolers (TECs) under current pulse operation so as to achieve a …

In this work, a new design concept which combines two-stage design with transient
supercooling effect is proposed to enhance the maximum temperature drop across …

Abstract Transient supercooling of TECs (Thermoelectric coolers) is a technology that can
effectively strengthen cooling performance. It has been found that the pulse current shape …

In this paper, the cooling performance of a two-stage thermoelectric module (TTEM) under
pulse current operation was experimentally investigated. A commercial module TEC2-25507 …

This paper studies the refrigeration characteristics of a thermoelectric cooler (TEC) operated
under continuous current pulses. A validated numerical model is used to obtain the …

In this work, a novel concept of continuous cooling has been proposed to enhance the super-
cooling performance of a two-stage thermoelectric cooler, in which integrated triangular …

A novel physical model of a two-stage thermoelectric cooler (TEC) is developed, based on
geometry factor (γ) analysis between stages under pulsed current conditions and with phase …

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of a novel two-stage cascade thermoelectric
cooler (TTEC). The novel TTEC may be simply formed by joining short-legged thermoelectric …

Low-temperature condition is highly required in many fields, such as aerospace, medical
devices, and electronic components. The development of devices to provide low …