Coronary heart disease is a leading cause of premature death in men. Epidemiological
studies have shown a high prevalence of low serum testosterone levels in men with …

(MMAS) have revealed an increasing incidence of hypogonadism within the aging US
population. The Massachusetts Male Aging Study estimates indicate that% 2.4 million men …

The strongest independent risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) are increasing age
and male gender. Whilst a wide variation in CAD mortality exists between countries, a male …

It is becoming increasingly evident that the low serum levels of testosterone experienced by
aging men are associated with increased all-cause mortality from CHD and other vascular …

Despite regional variations in the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD), men are
consistently more at risk of developing and dying from CAD than women, and the gender …

Male gender is a major risk factor for premature cardiovascular death, a relationship not yet
explained. Low testosterone in men is a risk factor for the metabolic syndrome and type 2 …

The role of sex steroid hormones in modulating vascular function in men is of great
importance, given that androgen deficiency is strongly associated with common medical …

The increased incidence of cardiovascular disease in man compared with premenopausal
women suggests an unfavourable effect of male sex hormone testosterone on the …

The cardiovascular (CV) benefit and safety of treating low testosterone conditions is a matter
of debate. Although testosterone deficiency has been linked to a rise in major adverse CV …

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. The effects of
testosterone, the primary male sex hormone, on cardiovascular risk have been of special …