Background and objective The good quality of color retinal image is essential for doctors to
make a reliable diagnose in clinics. Due to major reasons like acquisition process and …

Retinal images show an essential role in Ophthalmology to diagnosis wide set of diseases.
In this direction, using retinal images in computerized techniques increases the ability of …

Objective: Many common eye diseases and cardiovascular diseases can be diagnosed
through retinal imaging. However, due to uneven illumination, image blurring, and low …

Retinal imaging is used to diagnose common eye diseases. But retinal images that suffer
from image blurring, uneven illumination and low contrast become useless for further …

Background and objectives Retinal fundus images are extensively used in manually or
without human intervention to identify and analyze various diseases. Due to the …

Proper contrast and sufficient illuminance are important in clearly identifying the retinal
structures, while the required quality cannot always be guaranteed due to major reasons like …

Digital images used in the field of ophthalmology are among the most important methods for
automatic detection of certain eye diseases. These processes include image enhancement …

The blurring of a retinal image can be caused by refractive medium turbidity or imperfect
imaging conditions, which can decrease the diagnostic reliability. High-quality retinal …

Real-time fundus images captured to detect multiple diseases are prone to different quality
issues like illumination, noise, etc., resulting in less visibility of anomalies. So, enhancing the …

In this paper, we propose a novel Retinex image enhancement approach by adopting two
important prior named brightness channel prior (BCP) and change of detail (CoD) prior. We …