In toppling of rock slopes, thin slabs of rock displace out of the slope, eventually forming a
rupture surface. This toppling process involves slip between the thin slabs and tensile …

One of the most important instabilities of rock slopes is toppling failure. Among the types of
toppling failure, block-flexural failures are more common instability which occurs in nature. In …

This paper presents series studies on the toppling mechanism by centrifuge tests and
numerical simulations. Two different discrete element methods, ie, the continuum-based …

Block-flexure is the most common mode of toppling failure in natural and excavated rock
slopes. In such failure, some rock blocks break due to tensile stresses and some overturn …

Primary toppling usually occurs in layered rock slopes with large anti-dip angles. In this
paper, the block toppling evolution was explored using a large-scale centrifuge system …

This paper presents the results of centrifuge tests that were aimed at validating the
Goodman-Bray method for rock slope toppling analysis. The Goodman-Bray method was …

Physical modelling of toppling phenomena in rock slopes is carried out in the laboratory by
paying attention to the mechanical characterisation of both the material and the …

The mechanism of flexural toppling failure of jointed rock slopes has been investigated
through a series of centrifuge experiments conducted on models manufactured from two …

Block-flexure toppling failure is a widespread issue in natural and excavated rock slopes.
The aim of this paper was to elucidate the failure mechanism of block-flexure toppling failure …

A common instability in the rock slopes is a toppling failure. If this type of slope failure occurs
due to another kind of failure, it is considered as the secondary toppling failure. A type of …