The essential sections of the hot spot problem are network lifetime improvements and
uniform residual energy distribution in wireless sensor networks (WSN). Clustering of sensor …

Improving the lifetime of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) remains an open and active
research area. One of the challenging problems in this field is the partitioning of a WSN into …

A major problem with Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is the maximization of effective
network lifetime through minimization of energy usage in the network nodes. A modified k …

Over the last several years, various clustering algorithms for wireless sensor networks have
been proposed to prolong network lifetime. Most clustering algorithms provide an equal …

Wireless based sensor networks contain sensors for environment monitoring but have
restricted resources. Many clustering protocols are designed to prolong network lifetime but …

One of the important issues of WSN is efficient utilization of limited energy resources in the
battery operated sensor node. Clustering provides an efficient method for utilizing the …

Clustering is an effective technique in a wireless sensor network (WSN) to minimize energy
consumption and low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) is the most popular …

Wireless sensor networks are energy constraint networks. Energy efficiency, to prolong the
network for a longer time is critical issue for wireless sensor network protocols. Clustering …

The longer network lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is a goal which is directly
related to energy consumption. This energy consumption issue becomes more challenging …

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) include several sensor nodes that have limited
capabilities. The most critical restriction in WSNs is energy resources. Moreover, since each …