Biometric identification depends on the statistical analysis of the unique physical and
behavioral characteristics of individuals. However, a unimodal biometric system is …

Biometrics have been extensively used in the past decades in various security systems and
have been deployed around the world. However, all unimodal biometrics have their own …

A multimodal biometric system integrates information from more than one biometric modality
to improve the performance of each individual biometric system and make the system robust …

In the field of data security, biometric security is a significant emerging concern. The
multimodal biometrics system with enhanced accuracy and detection rate for smart …

In today's information age, how to accurately identify a person's identity and protect
information security has become a hot topic of people from all walks of life. At present, a …

Recognition systems using multimodal biometrics attracts attention because they improve
recognition efficiency and high‐security level compared to the unimodal biometrics system …

Compared with single biometric recognition, multimodal biometric recognition based on
fingerprint and finger vein has been widely considered because of its convenient sample …

Biometric human identification refers to the automated recognition of individuals based on
their biological or behavioral characteristics. Finger vein recognition and electrocardiogram …

With the increasing demand for information security and security regulations all over the
world, biometric recognition technology has been widely used in our everyday life. In this …

The extensive research in the field of multimodal biometrics by the research community and
the advent of modern technology has compelled the use of multimodal biometrics in real life …