Although the Dutch breeding ground contained some very excellent growth factors–a strong
science base being set up from the early 1980s onwards, a tight network between academia …

This chapter examines the development of the Vienna biotechnology cluster and the role of
policy actions in its evolution. This contribution challenges the prevailing view that the …

There seem to be new biotechnology initiatives springing up in almost every country and
every region, no matter how big or small. This is the case for both developed countries and …

The dynamic growth of biotechnology in Germany in recent years has an obviously spatial
pattern. Some regions show a substantial potential for start-ups and young firms of this new …

While conventional wisdom suggests that not all regions can have biotechnology, many
national science policies target it as a future growth sector. The evidence here presented …

This paper discusses the development of the biotechnology industry in an Italian region,
Lombardy. More specifically, it asks why significant innovative and commercial activities in …

This book presents the results of Cleverbio, a project funded by theEuropean Commission.
The project examined the process of growth anddevelopment of clusters in the biotech …

Biotechnology is recognized throughout many European regions as a technology which
could bring much needed economic growth and prosperity, and the small firm sector has …

The BioRegio contest and the BioProfile contest initiated by the German Federal
Government have drawn much international attention as prototypes of a new kind of …

This paper explores the role of distant knowledge links and policy actions for the
development of biotechnology clusters. It seeks to challenge the prevailing view that the …