Highlights•RLRs recognize viral non-self RNA with differential molecular machinery.•
Cytoplasmic aggregates containing RLRs are formed in response to viral dsRNA.•Ubiquitin …

Retinoic acid–inducible gene (RIG)-I–like receptors (RLRs) are cytosolic RNA helicases that
sense viral RNA and trigger signaling pathways that induce the production of type I …

Viral infection results in the generation of non‐self RNA species in the cells, which is
recognized by retinoic acid inducible gene‐I‐like receptors (RLRs), and initiates innate …

Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) are key sensors of virus
infection, mediating the transcriptional induction of type I interferons and other genes that …

Highlights•RLRs are viral sensors that recognize cytoplasmic non-self RNA.•IFN signaling is
induced by RLRs through unique and common sensing mechanisms.•Biochemical …

Viral infection is detected by cellular sensors as foreign nucleic acid and initiates innate
antiviral responses, including the activation of type I interferon (IFN) and proinflammatory …

Virus-encoded molecular signatures, such as cytosolic double-stranded or otherwise
biochemically distinct RNA species, trigger cellular antiviral signaling. Cytoplasmic proteins …

Viral infection is detected by cellular sensor molecules as foreign nucleic acids and initiates
innate antiviral responses, including the activation of proinflammatory cytokines and type I …

The interferon (IFN) response, a major vertebrate defense mechanism against viral
infections, is initiated by RIG-I-like receptor (RLR)-mediated recognition of viral replicative …

ABSTRACT RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) play important roles in the host defense to
numerous viral pathogens. Since they were discovered, much light has been shed on the …