Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a global outbreak and severely posed
threat to people's health and social stability. Mounting evidence suggests that …

There is strong evidence that COVID-19 pathophysiology is mainly driven by a
spatiotemporal immune deregulation. Both its phenotypic heterogeneity, spanning from …

The last few months of 2019 witnessed the emergence, rise and rapid spread of a novel
coronavirus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) …

With a global tally of more than 500 million cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections to date, there are growing concerns about the post …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causal
agent of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), a systemic illness characterized by variably …

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a global health crisis, with no specific antiviral to treat
the infection and the absence of a suitable vaccine to prevent it. While some individuals …

Background Although immune modulation is a promising therapeutic avenue in coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19), the most relevant targets remain to be found. COVID-19 has …

Purpose Cytokine storm, an uncontrolled overproduction of inflammatory cytokines
contributing to an aberrant systemic inflammatory response, is a major pathological feature …

An analysis of published data appertaining to the cytokine storms of COVID-19, H1N1
influenza, cytokine release syndrome (CRS), and macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) …

SARS-CoV-2 is a new beta coronavirus, similar to SARS-CoV-1, that emerged at the end of
2019 in the Hubei province of China. It is responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID …