The effect of the brain on the morphology of the face has long been recognized in both
evolutionary biology and clinical medicine. In this work, we describe factors that are active …

Morphogenesis of the brain and face is intrinsically linked by a number of factors. These
include: origins of tissues, adjacency allowing their physical interactions, and molecular …

Evidence from model organisms and clinical genetics suggests coordination between the
developing brain and face, but the role of this link in common genetic variation remains …

The prevailing approach within the field of craniofacial development is focused on finding a
balance between tissues (eg, facial epithelia, neuroectoderm, and neural crest) and …

Major differences in facial morphology distinguish vertebrate species. Variation of facial
traits underlies the uniqueness of human individuals, and abnormal craniofacial …

No region of our anatomy more powerfully conveys our emotions nor elicits more profound
reactions when disease or genetic disorders disfigure it than the face. Recent progress has …

We present a developmental perspective on the concept of phylotypic and phenotypic
stages of craniofacial development. Within orders of avians and mammals, a phylotypic …

The human face is complex and multipartite, and characterization of its genetic architecture
remains challenging. Using a multivariate genome-wide association study meta-analysis of …

The human face represents a combined set of highly heritable phenotypes, but knowledge
on its genetic architecture remains limited, despite the relevance for various fields. A series …

The head represents the most complex part of the body and a distinctive feature of the
vertebrate body plan. This intricate structure is assembled during embryonic development in …