COVID-19-infected patients require an intact immune system to suppress viral replication
and prevent complications. However, the complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection that led to …

The COVID-19 pandemic constitutes an arduous global health challenge, and the
increasing number of fatalities calls for the speedy pursuit of a remedy. This review …

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is rapidly spreading all over the world.
Excessive immune responses trigger life-threatening cytokine release syndrome (CRS) …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) is the pathogen that causes
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). As of 25 May 2020, the outbreak of COVID-19 has …

Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has
challenged medicine and health care on a global scale. Its impact and frightening mortality …

A cytokine storm is a hyperinflammatory state secondary to the excessive production of
cytokines by a deregulated immune system. It manifests clinically as an influenza-like …

Introduction: The mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is frequently driven by
an injurious immune response characterized by the development of acute respiratory …

Abstract The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become a global crisis
and is more devastating than any other previous infectious disease. It has affected a …

Abstract Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by systemic hyper-
inflammation, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multiple organ failure. Cytokine …

Coronaviruses are non-segmented and single stranded positive-sense RNA (+ ssRNA)
viruses. To date, 06 human coronaviruses (HCoVs) are reported; α-CoVs (HCoVs-NL63 and …