The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has drawn closer attention than ever
before to the problems of the immunopathology of human diseases, many of which have …

The epidemic due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)
infection has been spreading globally, raising increasing concerns. This public health …

Acting on the cytokine cascade is key to preventing disease progression and death in
hospitalised patients with COVID-19. Among anti-cytokine therapies, interleukin (IL)-6 …

COVID-19 mortality is strongly associated with the development of severe pneumonia and
acute respiratory distress syndrome with the worst outcome resulting in cytokine release …

Cytokine storm syndrome (CSS) is a severe complication of inflammatory immune diseases
or treatment of malignancies; it may also appear during the progression of COVID-19. CSS …

COVID-19 infection has a heterogenous disease course; it may be asymptomatic or causes
only mild symptoms in the majority of the cases, while immunologic complications such as …

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has posed a significant threat to global health. This …

The newfound coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), initiated by severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is an international public health concern …

Coronaviruses may activate dysregulated host immune responses. As exploratory studies
have suggested that interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) levels are elevated in cases of complicated Covid …

The identification of elevated IL-6 levels in patients with severe COVID-19 led to the rapid
development of clinical trials targeting this cytokine. Overall, these trials do not support the …