Biomaterial based reconstruction is still the most commonly employed method of small bone
defect reconstruction. Bone tissue-engineered techniques are improving, and adjuncts such …

The bone defect caused by fracture, bone tumor, infection, and other causes is not only a
problematic point in clinical treatment but also one of the hot issues in current research. The …

The development of tissue engineering strategies for treatment of large bone defects has
become increasingly relevant, given the growing demand for bone substitutes. Native bone …

Tissue engineering uses various approaches to restore bone loss and heal critical-size
defects resulting from trauma, infection, tumor resection or other musculoskeletal diseases …

Bone is one of the most vascular network-rich tissues in the body and the vascular system is
essential for the development, homeostasis, and regeneration of bone. When segmental …

Significant advances have been made in bone tissue engineering (TE) in the past decade.
However, classical bone TE strategies have been hampered mainly due to the lack of …

The functional regeneration of thick vascularized tissues such as bone and muscle is
complicated by the large volume of lost tissue, challenging biomechanical environment, and …

There is a profound need for orthopaedic grafting strategies due to various trauma and
musculoskeletal diseases. Tissue engineering offers a promising avenue to develop viable …

Poor angiogenesis within tissue‐engineered grafts has been identified as a main challenge
limiting the clinical introduction of bone tissue‐engineering (BTE) approaches for the repair …

Vascularization remains one of the most important challenges that must be overcome for
tissue engineering to be consistently implemented for reconstruction of large volume bone …