Role of inflammatory cytokines in COVID-19 patients: A review on molecular mechanisms, immune functions, immunopathology and immunomodulatory drugs to …

AA Rabaan, SH Al-Ahmed, J Muhammad, A Khan… - Vaccines, 2021 - mdpi.com
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a severe pandemic of the current century. The vicious …

Cytokine storm induced by SARS-CoV-2

P Song, W Li, J Xie, Y Hou, C You - Clinica chimica acta, 2020 - Elsevier
Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the virus designated as severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread widely throughout the …

The immune system and COVID-19: Friend or foe?

F Yazdanpanah, MR Hamblin, N Rezaei - Life sciences, 2020 - Elsevier
Abstract Aim Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel highly contagious infection
caused by SARS-CoV-2, which has been became a global public health challenge. The …

Severe COVID-19 and sepsis: immune pathogenesis and laboratory markers

MM Zafer, HA El-Mahallawy, HM Ashour - Microorganisms, 2021 - mdpi.com
The ongoing outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), induced by
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has taken a significant toll …

[HTML][HTML] COVID-19 and the immune system

J Paces, Z Strizova, S Daniel, J Cerny - Physiological research, 2020 - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
A close interaction between the virus SARS-CoV-2 and the immune system of an individual
results in a diverse clinical manifestation of the COVID-19 disease. While adaptive immune …

SARS-CoV-2 infection: The role of cytokines in COVID-19 disease

VJ Costela-Ruiz, R Illescas-Montes… - Cytokine & growth factor …, 2020 - Elsevier
COVID-19 disease, caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2, is related to a series of
physiopathological mechanisms that mobilize a wide variety of biomolecules, mainly …

Tackling the cytokine storm in COVID-19, challenges and hopes

SM Abdin, SM Elgendy, SK Alyammahi, DW Alhamad… - Life Sciences, 2020 - Elsevier
The outbreak of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the current world health concern,
presenting a public health dilemma with ascending morbidity and mortality rates exceeding …

[HTML][HTML] Cellular immune response to COVID-19 and potential immune modulators

X Zhou, Q Ye - Frontiers in immunology, 2021 - frontiersin.org
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory infectious disease caused by severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Droplets and contacts serve as …

Pathological inflammation in patients with COVID-19: a key role for monocytes and macrophages

M Merad, JC Martin - Nature reviews immunology, 2020 - nature.com
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2 has led to more than
200,000 deaths worldwide. Several studies have now established that the …

Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and cytokine storms for more effective treatments from an inflammatory pathophysiology

S Yokota, T Miyamae, Y Kuroiwa… - Journal of Clinical …, 2021 - mdpi.com
The Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has swept the world and caused a global
pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 seems to have originated from bats as their reservoir hosts over …