The hopes for readily implementable precision medicine are high. For many complex
disorders, such as bipolar disorder, these hopes critically hinge on tangible successes in …

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a lifelong severe psychiatric condition with high morbidity, disability
and excess mortality. The longitudinal clinical trajectory of BD is significantly modified by …

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a common and disabling psychiatric condition with a severe
socioeconomic impact. BD is treated with mood stabilizers, among which lithium represents …

Background Bipolar disorder is a serious and common psychiatric disorder characterized by
manic and depressive mood switches and a relapsing and remitting course. The …

Background: It is difficult to reliably identify clinical predictors of lithium response. In recent
years a number of pharmacogenetic studies have attempted to identify genetic variants …

Background Treatment in bipolar disorder (BD) is commonly applied as a multimodal
therapy based on decision algorithms that lack an integrative understanding of molecular …

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a major psychiatric condition that commonly requires prophylactic
and episodic treatment. There is important variability in the therapeutic response and side …

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a serious mental illness with well-established, but poorly
characterized genetic risk. Lithium is among the best proven mood stabilizer therapies for …

Since the 1950s, lithium salts have been the main line of treatment for bipolar disorder (BD),
both as a prophylactic and as an episodic treatment agent. Like many psychiatric conditions …

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic and often severe psychiatric illness characterized by
manic and depressive episodes. Among the most effective treatments, mood stabilizers …