Blockchains have witnessed widespread adoption in the past decade in various fields. The
growing demand makes their scalability and sustainability challenges more evident than …

Consensus algorithms are the essential components of blockchain systems. They guarantee
the blockchain's fault tolerance and security. The Proof of Work (PoW) consensus algorithm …

In the past decades, the blockchain technology has attracted tremendous attention from both
academia and industry. The popularity of blockchain networks was originated from a crypto …

Now-a-days, Blockchain networks are widely accepted in various applications for its
enhanced security levels. Blockchain characteristics like: peer-to-peer, decentralized and …

Blockchain has been an emerging technology, which comprises lots of fields such as
distributed systems and Internet of Things (IoT). As is well known, blockchain is the …

Cooperation is fundamental for human prosperity. Blockchain, as a trust machine, is a
cooperative institution in cyberspace that supports cooperation through distributed trust with …

Blockchain networks are already extensively used in various applications because of their
increased security. The unique characteristics of blockchain technology, such as …

Blockchain applications that rely on the Proof-of-Work (PoW) have increasingly become
energy inefficient with a staggering carbon footprint. In contrast, energy efficient alternative …

The prominent achievement of blockchain technology stimulates exceptional innovation.
The major component of blockchain is the consensus mechanism. The standard consensus …

Blockchain is a new trend rising fast from the community and the enterprise world. As an
infrastructural technology it is finding its way into a growing number of domains like finance …