Many countries of Kachru's 'expanding circle'retain models of English which are based on
native-speaker models; China, Japan and Korea provide good examples of this. The Hong …

The concept 'English‐knowing bilingualism'is particularly worthy of exploration in Singapore
because of the rapidly evolving special nature of 'bilingualism'there and the penetration of …

Combining local, national and international languages—the last almost exclusively English
in fact—is one of the most pressing issues facing educational professionals in today's world …

Compared with other countries in Asia, Japan is far behind in terms of introducing and
delivering bilingual education, let alone effective immersion programmes. In order to make …

ABSTRACT The impact of Chinglish, Japlish, and Konglish on the vernaculars of Northeast
Asia, and in turn the cultural mind-set of the populace, holds great sociolinguistic influence …

In 1966, the Singapore Government implemented the English-knowing bilingual policy
which made it mandatory for all Chinese students to study English as a 'First Language'and …

This paper discusses Singapore's bilingual policy and looks at how the government's top-
down and structured language policy has transformed the country into an English-knowing …

In this paper we shall first try to define the term 'China English'(with our own definition of this
term deliberated in the 'Discussion'section) as a performance variety in the larger …

As the focus of this journal makes clear, the English language has a major presence in
South, East and South East Asia. Bolton (2008) suggests that there may be as many as 812 …

This paper analyses a language plan proposed by the Hong Kong government to promote
Chinese medium education. A brief history of the past language situation in the secondary …