Research involving human subjects is much more stringently regulated than many other
nonresearch activities that appear to be at least as risky. A number of prominent figures now …

The concept of risk plays a prominent role in research ethics and though great pains are
often taken to define “risk” as the product of the magnitude of a harm and the probability that …

Reigning regulatory frameworks for biomedical research impose on researchers and
research ethics committees an obligation to protect research participants from risks that are …

A broad consensus affirms the concept that all human beings have equal moral worth
(Beauchamp and Childress 1994; Rawls 1971). Translating this ethical norm into practice …

A generation ago, we adopted a national system for the protection of human subjects in
research. Today, that system is facing new challenges. Many argue that the system has …

Forty years ago, the Belmont Report counseled that a “systematic, nonarbitrary analysis of
risks and benefits” is vital to ensuring the ethical appropriateness of research with human …

In her critique of research ethics, Rosamond Rhodes identifies at least three aspects of the
field that she believes require significant rethinking and reform (Rhodes 2005). Each is part …

It is important to be able to offer an account of which activities count as scientific research,
given our current interest in promoting research as a means to benefit humankind and in …

Levine et al.(2004) are on target in decrying the muddled usage of attributions of
vulnerability to subjects of medical research. But before abandoning the notion altogether, a …

The understanding of appropriate ethical protections for participants of biomedical research
has not been static. It has evolved over time, with the evolution of biomedical research as …