Although substantial improvements have been made in majority of cardiac disorders, heart
failure (HF) remains a major health problem, with both increasing incidence and prevalence …

Despite the enhanced knowledge of the pathophysiology of heart failure (HF), it still remains
a serious syndrome with substantial morbidity, mortality, and frequent hospitalizations …

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a devastating disease with increasing prevalence in
elderly populations. One-half of all patients die within 5 years of diagnosis. The annual cost …

Heart failure (HF) may be considered as the fatal finishing line of all cardiovascular
disorders. Despite advances in the understanding and treatment, it still has a poor …

BACKGROUND Until recently, biomarker testing in heart failure (HF) syndromes has been
viewed as an elective supplement to diagnostic evaluation of patients suspected to suffer …

The last decade has seen exciting advances in the field of biomarkers used in managing
patients with heart failure (HF). Biomarker research has broadened our knowledge base …

In industrialized countries, chronic heart failure (HF) is a major illness and cause of death.
However, because of the paucity of specific clinical manifestations of HF, its early diagnosis …

Background Heart failure is a syndrome characterized by the inability of the heart to meet the
body's circulatory demands. Heart failure is a growing health issue worldwide and the …

Understanding of chronic heart failure (HF) has progressed from a syndrome of disordered
hemodynamics caused by alterations in the structure of the heart to one that involves …

The spectrum of heart failure biomarkers and their potential clinical applications continues to
grow. Ongoing research on multimarker strategies will likely identify biomarker combinations …