The properties of seat with head restraint are important parameters for the optimum design
of the seat system performance during rear-end impacts. The aim of this study is to verify the …

Twelve volunteers participated in the experiment under the supervision of Tsukuba
University Ethics Committee. The subjects sat on a seat mounted on a newly developed sled …

It is important to more clearly identify the relationship among the ramping-up motion,
straightening of the whole spine, and cervical vertebrae motion in order to clarify minor neck …

Study Design. This study used rigid-body and finite-element models of forces in the cervical
spine resulting from a rear-end motor vehicle impact based on data from 26 volunteer …

The purpose of this study is to clarify the neck injury mechanism during low speed rear
impact. Low speed rear impact tests on human volunteers were conducted using a mini-sled …

To gain a better understanding of the movement of head and cervical spine experiments
were performed on Post Mortal Test Objects (PMTO's) and volunteers. All experiments were …

Many efforts have been made to understand the mechanism of whiplash injury. Recently, the
cervical facet joint capsules have been focused on as a potential site of injury. An …

Car-rear-impact-induced cervical spine injuries present a serious burden on society and, in
response, seats offering enhanced protection have been introduced. Seats are evaluated for …

In an attempt to better understand the mechanism of motion of human cervical vertebrae
during low-speed impacts, the motion of the cervical vertebrae was analyzed using …

Study Design. Review of peer-reviewed literature. Objective. Outline the effects of neck and
cervical spine morphology on soft tissue injury Potential during low velocity automotive rear …